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Compare Hong Kong (2002) - Dhekelia (2008)

Compare Hong Kong (2002) z Dhekelia (2008)

 Hong Kong (2002)Dhekelia (2008)
 Hong KongDhekelia
Administrative divisions none (special administrative region of China) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 17.5% (male 679,311; female 599,811)


15-64 years: 71.6% (male 2,587,509; female 2,641,418)


65 years and over: 10.9% (male 364,864; female 430,421) (2002 est.)
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Agriculture - products fresh vegetables; poultry, fish, pork -
Airports 3 (2001) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
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Area total: 1,092 sq km


land: 1,042 sq km


water: 50 sq km
total: 130.8 sq km


note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves
Area - comparative six times the size of Washington, DC about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area.
Birth rate 10.92 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $22.9 billion


expenditures: $24.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $465 million (FY00/01)
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Capital - name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia); located in Akrotiri


geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
Coastline 733 km 27.5 km
Constitution Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960, functions as a basic legal document
Country name conventional long form: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region


conventional short form: Hong Kong


local long form: Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu


local short form: Xianggang


abbreviation: HK
conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Dhekelia
Currency Hong Kong dollar (HKD) -
Death rate 6.11 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $58.8 billion (2001 est.) -
Dependency status special administrative region of China a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Consul General Michael KLOSSON


consulate(s) general: 26 Garden Road, Hong Kong


mailing address: PSC 464, Box 30, FPO AP 96522-0002


telephone: [852] 2523-9011


FAX: [852] 2845-1598
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (special administrative region of China) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none -
Economy - overview Hong Kong has a bustling free market economy highly dependent on international trade. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Indeed, imports and exports, including reexports, each exceed GDP in dollar value. Even before Hong Kong reverted to Chinese administration on 1 July 1997 it had extensive trade and investment ties with China. Per capita GDP compares with the level in the four big economies of Western Europe. GDP growth averaged a strong 5% in 1989-97. The widespread Asian economic difficulties in 1998 hit this trade-dependent economy quite hard, with GDP down 5%. The economy, with growth of 10% in 2000, recovered rapidly from the Asian financial crisis. The recent global downturn has badly hurt Hong Kong's exports and GDP growth is estimated to be 0% in 2001. Private sector analysts project 2002 GDP growth to be 1.8%. Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Electricity - consumption 35.402 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - exports 1.181 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 9.195 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production 29.449 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
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Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Tai Mo Shan 958 m
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Environment - current issues air and water pollution from rapid urbanization netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn
Environment - international agreements party to: Marine Dumping (associate member), Ship Pollution (associate member) -
Ethnic groups Chinese 95%, other 5% -
Exchange rates Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.798 (January 2002), 7.7994 (2001), 7.7918 (2000), 7.7589 (1999), 7.7462 (1998), 7.7425 (1997); note - the Hong Kong dollar is linked to the US dollar at a rate of about 7.8 Hong Kong dollars per US dollar Cypriot pounds per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.46019 (2006), 0.4641 (2005), 0.4686 (2004), 0.5174 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)


head of government: Chief Executive TUNG Chee-hwa (since 1 July 1997)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex-officio members and 10 appointed members; ex-officio members are: Chief Secretary Donald TSANG Yam-kuen (since 1 May 2001), Financial Secretary Antony LEUNG (since 1 May 2001), and Secretary of Justice Elsie LEUNG (since 1 July 1997)


elections: NA
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defense


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
Exports $191 billion f.o.b., including reexports (2001 est.) -
Exports - commodities clothing, textiles, footwear, electrical appliances, watches and clocks, toys, plastics, precious stones -
Exports - partners China 34%, US 23%, Japan 6%, Germany 4%, UK 4%, Taiwan 3%, Singapore 2% (2000) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in the center the flag of the UK is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $180 billion (2001 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 0%


industry: 14%


services: 86% (1999 est.)
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GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 0% (2001 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 22 15 N, 114 10 E 34 59 N, 33 45 E
Geography - note more than 200 islands British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area land 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land
Heliports 2 (2002) -
Highways total: 1,831 km


paved: 1,831 km


unpaved: 0 km (1997)
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Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
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Illicit drugs strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces serious challenges in controlling transit of heroin and methamphetamine to regional and world markets; modern banking system provides a conduit for money laundering; rising indigenous use of synthetic drugs, especially among young people -
Imports $203 billion (2001 est.) -
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials, semimanufactures, petroleum, plastics, machinery, electrical equipment; a large share is reexported -
Imports - partners China 43%, Japan 12%, Taiwan 8%, US 7%, South Korea 5%, Singapore 3% (2000) -
Independence none (special administrative region of China) -
Industrial production growth rate -9% (2001 est.) -
Industries textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks none
Infant mortality rate 5.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -1.6% (2001 est.) -
International organization participation APEC, AsDB, BIS, CCC, ESCAP (associate), ICC, ICFTU, IHO, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ISO (correspondent), WCL, WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 17 (2000) -
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1998 est.) -
Judicial branch The Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region -
Labor force 3.44 million (2001 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 31%, financing, insurance, and real estate 13%, community and social services 11%, manufacturing 7%, transport and communications 6%, construction 2%, other 30% (2001 est.) -
Land boundaries total: 30 km


border countries: China 30 km
total: 103 km (approximately)


border countries: Cyprus 103 km (approximately)
Land use arable land: 5.05%


permanent crops: 1.01%


other: 93.94% (1998 est.)
-
Languages Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official English, Greek
Legal system based on English common law the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters; laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (60 seats; 30 indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 24 elected by popular vote, and 6 elected by an 800-member election committee; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 10 September 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 12, Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong 10, Liberal Party 7, Frontier Party 5, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance 4, New Century Forum 2, Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood 1, independents 19
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Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.8 years


male: 77.1 years


female: 82.69 years (2002 est.)
-
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 92.2%


male: 96%


female: 88.2% (1996 est.)
-
Location Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta
Map references Southeast Asia Middle East
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 NM -
Merchant marine total: 433 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,539,257 GRT/22,682,757 DWT


ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 264, cargo 38, chemical tanker 10, combination bulk 2, container 73, liquefied gas 8, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 32, refrigerated cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 5, Belize 1, British Virgin Islands 1, China 115, Denmark 2, Germany 19, Greece 2, India 8, Japan 8, Liberia 1, Malaysia 7, Norway 1, Panama 2, Philippines 5, Singapore 7, South Korea 2, Taiwan 1, United Kingdom 27, Virgin Islands (UK) 1 (2002 est.)
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Military - note defense is the responsibility of China includes Dhekelia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; Hong Kong garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military Region -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 2,028,208 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,523,378 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 47,139 (2002 est.) -
National holiday National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July 1997 is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day -
Nationality noun: Chinese


adjective: Chinese
-
Natural hazards occasional typhoons -
Natural resources outstanding deepwater harbor, feldspar -
Net migration rate 7.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [Alex CHAN Kai-chung]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong [Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, chairman]; Democratic Party [Martin LEE Chu-ming, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman]; Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [leader NA]; Hong Kong Progressive Alliance [Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]; New Century Forum [NQ Ching-fai, chairman]


note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Citizens Party, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party, New Century Forum
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Political pressure groups and leaders Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan, general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China) [LEE Chark-tim, president]; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China [Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; Liberal Democratic Federation [HU Fa-kuang, chairman] -
Population 7,303,334 (July 2002 est.) approximately 15,700 live on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 7,700 Cypriots, 3,600 Service and UK Based Contract personnel, and 4,400 dependents
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 1.26% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Hong Kong -
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998) AM NA, FM 1 (located in Akrotiri), shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)
Radios 4.45 million (1997) -
Railways total: 34 km


standard gauge: 34 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified and double-tracked)


note: connects to China railway system at Hong Kong-China border (2001)
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Religions eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
-
Suffrage direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies -
Telephone system general assessment: modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services


domestic: microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network


international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe
-
Telephones - main lines in use 3.839 million (1999) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 3.7 million (December 1999) -
Television broadcast stations 4 (plus two repeaters) (1997) 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)
Terrain hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north -
Total fertility rate 1.3 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 5.2% (2001 est.) -
Waterways none -
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